8.1

8.1 Summary
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
-takes place in chloroplast which contain chlorophylls (green color)
-Chloroplasts are in mesophyll cells.
-Structure is important to the function of chloroplasts
-inner membrane — encloses thick fluid of stroma with thylakoids inside
-outer membrane
-carbon dioxide + water = glucose + oxygen
-electrons in water are boosted uphill by the energy of sunlight. Produces sugar molecules with carbon dioxide and hydrogen.
-2 stages
-Calvin cycle
-light reaction

8.1 Vocabulary
Chloroplast is the cellular organelle where photosynthesis takes place at
Chlorophylls are compounds that chloroplasts contain, which gives these organelles a green color.
Stroma is the thick fluid that the inner membrane of a chloroplast contains.
Thylakoids are disk-shaped sacs that are suspended in the stroma.
Light reaction converts the energy of the sunlight to chemical energy.
Calvin cycle makes sugar from the atoms in carbon dioxide plus the hydrogen ions and high-energy electrons carried by NADPH.

8.1 Concept Check
1. Draw and label a simple diagram of a chloroplast that includes the following structures: outer and inner membranes, stroma, thylakoids.
2. What are the reactants for photosynthesis? What are the products?
Reactants of photosynthesis are carbon dioxide and water; the products are glucose and oxygen.
3. Name the two main stages of photosynthesis. How are the two stages related?
The 2 main stages of photosynthesis are the light reaction and the Calvin cycle.
They are related because they happen in the photosynthesis process, transfer one substance into another and transfers substances between the 2 processes.